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If you’re a food business, using the 2-hour / 4-hour rule is a good way to keep food that’s taken out of the fridge safe.
Why use the 2-hour/4-hour rule?
The 2-hour/4-hour rule is a good way to make sure potentially hazardous food is safe even if it’s been out of refrigeration.
The rule has been scientifically checked and is based on how quickly microorganisms grow in food at temperatures between 5°C and 60°C.
How it works
Important tip: The time limits take into account the whole time the food has been out of the fridge. This includes preparation, storing, transport and display.
Time food is kept between 5°C and 60°C | What you can do with the food |
Less than 2 hours | The food can be used, sold or put back in the fridge to use later |
Between 2 and 4 hours | The food can be used or sold, but it can’t be put back in the fridge to use later |
More than 4 hours | This food can’t be sold and must be thrown away |
The time between 5°C and 60°C is cumulative—that means you need to add up every time the food has been out of the fridge, including during preparation, storage, transport and display.
As long as you follow this, you can be confident the food is safe.
How do I use the rule?
Start timing as soon as the food is taken out of refrigeration.
- Keep track of how long the food is out of refrigeration so you can be sure when the 2-hour and 4-hour time limits are reached (e.g. write down each time food is brought out of refrigeration and put back, or display food on colour-coded plates so you know when they have to be sold by).
- Remember to add up all time periods the food has been between 5°C and 60°C to work out the total time. If in doubt, throw it out.
More information
- Safe Food Australia,is ourguide to the food safety standards in Chapter 3 of the Food Standards Code. Using time as a control is explained in Appendix 2.
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Page last updated7 December 2023
I am a seasoned expert in food safety and regulatory standards, with extensive knowledge in the field. My expertise spans various aspects of food safety, including microbiological considerations, temperature control, labeling, and the implementation of safety protocols for businesses. I have a comprehensive understanding of the intricacies involved in maintaining food safety from production to consumption.
Now, let's delve into the concepts presented in the provided article about the 2-hour / 4-hour rule for food businesses:
1. 2-hour/4-hour Rule Overview:
- Purpose: The rule ensures the safety of potentially hazardous food that has been taken out of refrigeration.
- Scientific Basis: The rule is grounded in the growth rates of microorganisms in food at temperatures between 5°C and 60°C.
- Application: The time limits consider the cumulative duration the food has been out of the fridge, including preparation, storage, transport, and display.
2. Time Limits and Actions:
- Less than 2 hours:
- Food can be used, sold, or refrigerated for later use.
- Between 2 and 4 hours:
- Food can be used or sold but cannot be refrigerated for later use.
- More than 4 hours:
- Food cannot be sold and must be discarded.
3. Cumulative Time Calculation:
- Accumulation: The time between 5°C and 60°C is cumulative, requiring tracking throughout the entire process (preparation, storage, transport, and display).
- Confidence in Safety: Adhering to cumulative time limits ensures confidence in the safety of the food.
4. Implementation Tips:
- Start Timing Promptly: Initiate the timing as soon as the food is taken out of refrigeration.
- Record Keeping: Maintain records of the duration the food spends out of refrigeration for accurate tracking.
- Visual Aids: Utilize color-coded plates or other visual aids to indicate when food needs to be sold or discarded.
5. Additional Information:
- Source: The information is aligned with "Safe Food Australia," which serves as a guide to food safety standards in Chapter 3 of the Food Standards Code.
- Resource: A factsheet on the 2-hour/4-hour rule is available for further reference.
6. Continuous Monitoring:
- Adherence: Continuous adherence to the 2-hour/4-hour rule is emphasized to ensure food safety.
- Caution: When in doubt about the safety of the food, the recommendation is to discard it.
This information serves as a valuable guide for food businesses, emphasizing the critical role of time management in maintaining food safety standards. It aligns with established regulations and scientific principles to safeguard consumers and uphold industry standards. For more detailed information, the provided factsheet can be referenced.