Did MSG From Your Take-Out Food Cause a Headache? (2024)

An MSG headache is a headache that occurs after eating foods containing the common food additive monosodium glutamate (MSG). This symptom is part of what's called MSG symptom complex, a broader set of symptoms that can occur with MSG consumption that includes sweating, facial pressure, and flushing.

Did MSG From Your Take-Out Food Cause a Headache? (1)

Symptoms

Most people with an MSG-related headache describe a tightening or even burning head sensation. People will also commonly notice muscle tenderness around their skull.

In people with a history of migraines, MSG triggers a migraine—in this instance, people usually report a classic throbbing or pulsating headache.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the sodium salt of amino acid found naturally in our bodies called glutamic acid. Found naturally in many foods, like cheese and tomatoes, MSG can also be produced through the fermentation of starch, sugar, or molasses, and added to foods.

An MSG-induced headache typically develops within 1 hour of consuming MSG and resolves within 72 hours of MSG consumption. Also, an MSG-induced headache has at least one of the following five characteristics:

  • Bilateral (i.e., both sides of the head)
  • Mild to moderate intensity
  • Pulsating quality (i.e., throbbing)—like a migraine
  • Associated with other symptoms including facial flushing, chest and face pressure, burning feeling in the neck, shoulder, and/or chest, dizziness, and stomach discomfort.
  • Aggravated by physical activity

The mechanism behind MSG-induced headaches is not fully understood. MSG is an excitatory amino acid that binds to MNDA receptions in the brain. This activation leads to the release of nitric oxide, which then leads to the dilation or widening of blood vessels around the skull.

A study published in the journal Cephalalgia also found that people who consumed a high amount of MSG—such as a sugar-free soda containing 150mg/kg of MSG—had an increase in their blood pressure, although this was temporary. Chronic daily intake of high doses of MSG may also cause fatigue.

Prevention

For people who are sensitive to MSG, the only treatment is to avoid foods containing MSG. Foods that commonly contain added MSG are soy sauce, canned vegetables, soups, and processed meats.

Though generally regarded as safe by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration, added MSG must be listed in the ingredients list on food packaging. Look for these terms:

  • Monosodium glutamate or MSG
  • Hydrolyzed fat
  • Hydrolyzed protein
  • All-natural preservatives

Treatment

MSG-induced symptoms are typically not severe and subside on their own entirely within 72 hours. However, if your symptoms do not appear to resolve or continue worsening after 48 hours, speak to your healthcare provider, as it may be something more serious.

To help symptoms subside faster, drink only water, and a lot of it—at least half of your body weight in ounces. For example, if you weigh 150 pounds, drink at least 75 ounces of water. Adequate hydration will help your kidneys to process MSG and flush it from your system.

In addition, limit sodium intake until symptoms dissipate. Sodium promotes water retention and will make it harder for your body to release the MSG through urination.

A Word From Verywell

If you suspect MSG is a headache or migraine trigger for you, avoiding it is probably your best bet. Unlike other food sensitivities, it is unlikely that you can build up a tolerance for MSG. The best way to avoid MSG is to read food labels and inquire at restaurants if MSG has been added to any foods.

Keeping a diary of your headache symptoms and possible triggers can help you and your healthcare provider to pinpoint the causes of your headaches and develop the right treatment plan for you.

4 Sources

Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

  1. Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Cephalalgia. 2013;33(9):629-808. doi:10.1177/0333102413485658

  2. Baad-hansen L, Cairns B, Ernberg M, Svensson P. Effect of systemic monosodium glutamate (MSG) on headache and pericranial muscle sensitivity. Cephalalgia. 2010;30(1):68-76. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2982.2009.01881.x

  3. Questions and answers on monosodium glutamate (MSG). US Food & Drug Administration. 2012.

  4. Popkin BM, D'anci KE, Rosenberg IH. Water, hydration, and health. Nutr Rev. 2010;68(8):439-58. doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00304.x

Additional Reading

Did MSG From Your Take-Out Food Cause a Headache? (2)

By Colleen Doherty, MD
Colleen Doherty, MD, is a board-certified internist living with multiple sclerosis.

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Did MSG From Your Take-Out Food Cause a Headache? (2024)

FAQs

Did MSG From Your Take-Out Food Cause a Headache? ›

Although the FDA has classified MSG as safe for consumption, some people have reported sensitivities to it. The most frequently reported side effects include headaches, muscle tightness, tingling, numbness, weakness, and flushing ( 8 ).

What does an MSG headache feel like? ›

Most people with an MSG-related headache describe a tightening or even burning head sensation. 1 People will also commonly notice muscle tenderness around their skull. In people with a history of migraines, MSG can be a trigger. In this instance, people usually report a classic throbbing or pulsating headache.

Does MSG in food cause headaches? ›

MSG has been used as a food additive for many years. During this time, the FDA has received many reports of concerning reactions that people have attributed to foods that had MSG in them. These reactions — called MSG symptom complex — include: Headache.

How long after eating MSG do you get a headache? ›

People may experience symptoms within two hours after eating foods that contain MSG. Symptoms can last a few hours to a couple of days. Common symptoms include: headache.

Why does Chinese takeaway give me a headache? ›

Chinese food and soups contain monosodium glutamate (MSG) as the main addictive ingredient. A sensitive individual may suffer from headache, giddiness, sweating, abdominal pain, and urticaria within a few hours of consumption of MSG.

How long do the effects of MSG last? ›

These symptoms of MSG sensitivity are generally temporary and can appear about 20 minutes after eating MSG and last for about two hours. If you suffer from this sensitivity, it is best to avoid MSG and glutamate.

How do you know if you have MSG sensitivity? ›

Flushing, sweating, chest pain, and weakness are all potential reactions to monosodium glutamate, or MSG, a flavor enhancer and popular ingredient in many Asian cuisines. Other symptoms include headache, facial pressure, drowsiness, and numbness and tingling in the face, back, and arms.

Am I sensitive to MSG? ›

While it's possible to have either a food sensitivity to MSG or any MSG-containing foods, there's no scientific evidence to prove that the food additive causes allergies in humans. If you experience unusual symptoms after eating particular food items, see your doctor for possible testing.

Can MSG give you a migraine? ›

Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)

A recent study found that monosodium glutamate is a potential trigger for migraines, though the study did mention that it was premature to conclude that MSG causes headaches. Because of this uncertainty, it may still be a good idea to avoid foods that contain MSG.

Does MSG in Chinese food cause headaches? ›

Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has labeled MSG as safe for consumption, some people question its long-term health effects (1). In addition, many people have reported adverse effects from consuming MSG, with headaches or migraine attacks being among the most common.

How do you know if food has MSG? ›

Food manufacturers must declare when MSG is added, either by name or by its food additive code number 621, in the ingredient list on the label of most packaged foods. For example, MSG could be identified as: 'Flavour enhancer (MSG)', or. 'Flavour enhancer (621)'.

Does Chick Fil A use MSG? ›

MSG is present in some of our menu offerings as a flavor enhancer, but we also offer a variety of options which do not contain added MSG. To help our customers make informed decisions, we provide comprehensive nutrition facts and ingredient lists on our Nutrition and Allergens page. Was this answer helpful?

Can a Chinese takeaway cause a migraine? ›

No, eating Chinese food won't give you a headache, but the MSG added to the food might. Yes, a lot of folks are sensitive to monosodium glutamate, myself included. The Food and Drug Administration has classified MSG as a food ingredient that's “generally recognized as safe,” but its use remains controversial.

What does MSG do to your body? ›

Beside its flavour enhancing effects, MSG has been associated with various forms of toxicity (Figure 1(Fig. 1)). MSG has been linked with obesity, metabolic disorders, Chinese Restaurant Syndrome, neurotoxic effects and detrimental effects on the reproductive organs.

Why do they put MSG in Chinese food? ›

MSG boosts the flavor of foods by stimulating taste receptors and has been shown in research studies to increase the acceptance of particular flavors. Adding MSG to foods results in an umami taste, which is characterized as savory and meaty ( 4 ). This popular additive has been deemed GRAS by the FDA.

What does MSG poisoning feel like? ›

Some people experience symptoms, such as breathing difficulties, headaches, and sweating, after eating monosodium glutamate (MSG). However, there is no evidence that MSG is harmful. MSG is a food additive that enhances flavor. It is commonly used in restaurants and pre-packaged foods.

How do you know if you have MSG intolerance? ›

Symptoms, if they occur, are usually mild and go away in a short time:
  • Flushing.
  • Headache.
  • Muscle aches.
  • Numbness or burning in or around the mouth.
  • Heart palpitations.
  • Tingling.
  • Drowsiness.

Do I have an intolerance to MSG? ›

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive suspected of causing reactions such as headache, flushing, and heart palpitations. People who experience such a reaction may mistake it for an MSG allergy. But MSG symptom complex is different than an allergy and not yet clearly understood.

What is the surprising truth about MSG? ›

Less than 1% of the general population is thought to have MSG sensitivity. For these people, eating large amounts could result in unpleasant symptoms like dizziness, headache, trouble breathing, or numbness.

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