Religions and circumcision
The prevalence of male circumcision worldwide is primarily due to the role of religion, although cultural and health reasons have also been significant factors.
Male circumcision is compulsory for Jews and is commonly practiced among Muslims.
When circumcision is performed for religious reasons, it usually symbolises faith in God but it may also be done to promote health and hygiene.
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Judaism
The book of Genesis mentions that God issues a command to Abraham that every male child shall be circumcised.
The practice is known as brit milah (Covenant of Circumcision) and it is performed on the eighth day after the birth of a baby boy, as instructed in the book of Leviticus.
It is regarded as a sign of the covenant with God.
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Islam
Islamic scholars differ over whether circumcision is compulsory for Muslim males: some regard it as obligatory, whereas others view it as an act to be recommended.
It is carried out to maintain hygiene and Muslim boys are usually circumcised before they reach puberty.
Circumcision is not mentioned in the Qur'an but Prophet Muhammad spoke about the practice.
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Christianity
Although the Old Testament refers to circumcision as a sign of the covenant with God, it is not laid down as a requirement in the New Testament.
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