What GM crops are being grown and where? (2024)

In 2015, GM crops were grown in 28 countries and on 179.7 million hectares – that is over 10% of the world’s arable land and equivalent to seven times the land area of the UK. The USA, Brazil and Argentina are the leading producers. There are currently no GM crops being grown commercially in the UK although scientists are carrying out controlled trials.

The GM crops grown commercially included: potato (USA), squash/pumpkin (USA) alfalfa (USA), aubergine (Bangladesh), sugar beet (USA, Canada), papaya (USA and China), oilseed rape (4 countries), maize (corn) (17 countries), soya beans (11 countries) and cotton (15 countries).

GM crops were first introduced in the USA in 1994 with the Flavr Savr tomato, which had been genetically modified to slow its ripening process, delaying softening and rotting.

The farming of GM crops has massively increased since the mid 1990s. In 1996, just 1.7 million hectares (MHa) were planted with GM crops globally but by 2015, 179.7 million hectares of GM crops were grown, accounting for over 10% of the world’s arable land.

The top GM crop grown in 2015 was soybean (92.1 MHa), followed by maize (53.6 Mha), then cotton (24 Mha) and oilseed rape (canola) (8.5 Mha) (Figure 4). This represents 83% of the world production of soybean, and 75% of production of cotton. GM crops made up 29% of the world’s maize produce, and almost a quarter of the world’s oilseed rape that year.

Among the countries growing GM crops, the USA (70.9 Mha), Brazil (44.2 Mha), Argentina (24.5 Mha) India (11.6 Mha) and Canada (11 Mha) are the largest users. Within Europe, five EU countries grow GM maize – Spain, Portugal, Czech Republic, Romania and Slovakia. Spain is the leading country (0.1 Mha). In Africa, GM crops are grown in South Africa (2.3 MHa), Burkino Faso (0.4 Mha) and Sudan (0.1Mha), with the main crop being GM cotton.

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Genetic technologies

Reading, interpreting and editing genetic material is getting faster, cheaper, and more precise. Using the power of genetic technologies in living things has enormous implications and raises important ethical issues for discussion, so it is important they are used appropriately and society is involved in the big decisions about their use.

What GM crops are being grown and where? (2024)

FAQs

What GM crops are being grown and where? ›

Herbicide-tolerant GM crops have been widely adopted in the U.S., such that >90% of corn, soybeans, and cotton are GM and herbicide-tolerant28 and as other countries adopt GM technologies, the amount of acreage planted with herbicide-tolerant GM crops will continue to grow. In Canada 98% of the canola crop is GM.

What GM crops are currently being grown and where? ›

The GM crops grown commercially included: potato (USA), squash/pumpkin (USA) alfalfa (USA), aubergine (Bangladesh), sugar beet (USA, Canada), papaya (USA and China), oilseed rape (4 countries), maize (corn) (17 countries), soya beans (11 countries) and cotton (15 countries).

What are the top 10 genetically modified foods? ›

Here is a list of the 10 most common GMO foods so you can be more aware while grocery shopping.
  • Canola oil. ...
  • Cotton. ...
  • Milk. ...
  • Sugar. ...
  • Aspartame. ...
  • Zucchini. ...
  • Yellow squash. Yellow squash has also been modified with the toxic proteins to make it insect resistant. ...
  • Papaya.
Jun 19, 2013

What GM crops are grown in different countries? ›

Herbicide tolerance
GMOUseCountries approved in
CanolaCooking oil Margarine Emulsifiers in packaged foodsUSA
CottonFiber Cottonseed oil Animal feed Except in India, where Cottonseed oil used for human consumptionArgentina
Australia
Brazil
35 more rows

What are 2 of the top 4 GM crops? ›

Only a few types of GMO crops are grown in the United States, but some of these GMOs make up a large percentage of the crop grown (e.g., soybeans, corn, sugar beets, canola, and cotton).

What are the current GMO crops? ›

AMS continually reviews the List and, if necessary, updates it through the federal rulemaking process.
  • Alfalfa (pdf)
  • Apple (ArcticTM varieties) (pdf)
  • Canola (pdf)
  • Corn (pdf)
  • Cotton (pdf)
  • Eggplant (BARI Bt Begun varieties) (pdf)
  • Papaya (ringspot virus-resistant varieties) (pdf)
  • Pineapple (pink flesh varieties) (pdf)

What is the most popular GM crop? ›

Most Common GMOs
  • Alfalfa. Much of commercially available alfalfa has been genetically modified to contain a gene that makes it resistant to the herbicide Roundup. ...
  • Canola. It is estimated that about 90% of US canola crops are genetically modified. ...
  • Corn. ...
  • Cotton. ...
  • Papaya. ...
  • Potato. ...
  • Soy. ...
  • Sugar Beet.

What 10 crops are GMO? ›

The most common GMO crops include soybean, maize, cotton, canola, and alfalfa. The following GMO crops were also planted in different countries in 2018: papaya, eggplant, potato, apple, safflower, pineapple, and sugarcane.

What are the 5 examples of GMO? ›

In fact, nowadays, in many advanced countries, most food is made using ingredients which are derived from GMO crops. Some of the real examples of genetically modified organisms including very mundane, day to day food items such as soybeans, corn oil, canola oil and even some fruits and vegetables including potatoes.

What are the 11 GMO? ›

Talk about avoiding food waste! In the United States there are 11 commercially available genetically modified crops in the United States: soybeans, corn (field and sweet), canola, cotton, alfalfa, sugar beets, summer squash, papaya, apples and potatoes.

Which 2 countries banned GM crops? ›

In Africa, Algeria and Madagascar have banned GMOs, and in Asia, Turkey, Kyrgyzstan, Bhutan, and Saudi Arabia. Finally, in the Americas, Belize, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela have all banned GMOs. The United States has no official legislation banning GMOs. GMO bans are a volatile field.

Are GMOs good or bad? ›

Do GMOs affect your health? GMO foods are as healthful and safe to eat as their non-GMO counterparts. Some GMO plants have actually been modified to improve their nutritional value. An example is GMO soybeans with healthier oils that can be used to replace oils that contain trans fats.

Which crop is GM crop? ›

Soybean, maize, cotton and canola with herbicide tolerance and insect resistance are the major GM crops grown around the world.

What are 2 disadvantages of GM crops? ›

The main concerns around GMOs involve allergies, cancer, and environmental issues — all of which may affect the consumer. While current research suggests few risks, more long-term research is needed.

Do GMO foods last longer? ›

These stable genetic changes will significantly enhance crop traits, including: delayed senescence/fruit ripening/spoilage leading to extended shelf life of perishable produce; enhanced tolerance to diseases and stress, such as drought, heat, cold, salt, low nutrients; increased biomass and seed yields.

Which GMO foods should I avoid? ›

If a food item isn't organic or doesn't have a Non-GMO Project seal, avoid products that come from the most common GMO crops. This includes corn, soy, canola, papaya, zucchini and yellow summer squash, sugar beets and cottonseed.

Where is GMO being used today? ›

Current Use of Genetically Modified Organisms
Genetically Conferred TraitExample Organism
Vitamin enrichmentRice
VaccinesTobacco
Oral vaccinesMaize
Faster maturationCoho salmon
6 more rows

What are the 5 most planted GMO crops worldwide? ›

Top 5 Biotech Crops in the World 2018
  • Soybeans was planted in 95.9 million hectares.
  • Maize was planted in 58.9 million hectares.
  • Cotton was planted in 24.9 million hectares.
  • Canola was planted in 10.1 million hectares.
  • Alfalfa was planted in 1.3 million hectares.

What are the 13 GMO crops? ›

The List of Bioengineered Foods consists of the following: Alfalfa, apple (ArcticTM varieties), canola, corn, cotton, eggplant (BARI Bt Begun varieties), papaya (ringspot virus-resistant varieties), pineapple (pink flesh varieties), potato, salmon (AquAdvantage®), soybean, squash (summer, coat protein-mediated virus- ...

Where in the world are GM crops being most rapidly adopted? ›

It is well documented that the use of biotechnology is having an impact on the alleviation of poverty and to hunger in those developing countries, especially China and India (if one can still classify these two as developing), where development and deployment of GM crops has been adopted.

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