Turkish - Worldwide distribution (2024)

Turkish - Worldwide distribution (1)

Turkish is an official language in Turkey and Cyprus and is spoken in 12 other countries as monther tongue by a part of the population. The Turkish language (native name: Türkçe) has its roots in the Turkic language family.

With 74.44 million native speakers, Turkish has the highest prevalence in Turkey. A total of about 81.6 million people worldwide speak Turkish as their mother tongue.

Turkish - Worldwide distribution (2)

CountryRegionOfficial languageDistributionTotal
TurkeyWestern Asiayes87.6 %74,442,000
GermanyWestern Europeno2.6 %2,179,000
IranSouth Asiano2.0 %1,771,000
SyriaWestern Asiano7.3 %1,615,000
BulgariaEastern Europeno8.2 %530,000
FranceWestern Europeno0.4 %272,000
IraqWestern Asiano0.5 %222,000
AustriaWestern Europeno2.3 %208,000
NetherlandsWestern Europeno0.8 %142,000
GreeceSouthern Europeno0.9 %94,000
North MacedoniaSouthern Europeno3.5 %72,000
DenmarkNorthern Europeno0.8 %47,000
KosovoSouthern Europeno1.1 %19,000
CyprusWestern Asiayes0.2 %3,000

Frequent confusion

As with several languages, there is often a risk of confusion, as various terms sound very similar in English.

Turkish is the name of a single language. Turkic are a language family, i.e. a collective term for various individual languages that simply have the same origin. Turkmen are not men from Turkey, but members of a particular people, most of whom live in what is now Turkmenistan.

The turkish language is actually spoken almost exclusively in Turkey. In other countries, most native speakers also have a Turkish migration background. Even in Turkey's direct neighbors such as Syria, Iraq and Iran, "Turkic languages" are widespread, but they are different languages.

Unless otherwise described in the text, this page is about native speakers — not the total number of speakers. How many people understand or speak Turkish as a subsequently learned language is not the subject of this page. Countries where native speakers make up only a few thousand, or even a few hundred people, or countries with a percentage well below 1% are unlikely to be listed here.

Turkish - Worldwide distribution (2024)

FAQs

Which country has the most Turkish people? ›

The Turkish-Germans are the largest ethnic minority group in Germany and also the largest Turkish community in the Turkish diaspora. The German census counts around three million Turks living in Germany. This does not only count those born in Turkey, but also descendants.

How many countries speak Turkish in the world? ›

Turkish is natively spoken by the Turkish people in Turkey and by the Turkish diaspora in some 30 other countries.

Where does most of Turkey's population live? ›

The regional coastlands of the Black Sea, the Sea of Marmara, and the Aegean Sea are the most densely settled regions; accounting for less than two-fifths of the country's land area, the regions together represent more than half its population.

How many Turkic people are there in the world? ›

Turkic peoples
Total population
Over 170 million
Regions with significant populations
Turkey60,000,000–65,000,000
Uzbekistan31,900,000
25 more rows

Where do most Turkish live in USA? ›

Turkish Americans live in all fifty states, although the largest concentrations are found in New York City and Rochester, New York; Washington, D.C.; and Detroit, Michigan.

What is the dominant race in Turkey? ›

The vast majority of the population of modern Turkey consists of ethnic Turks. Ethnic Turks are people who speak the Turkish language. The largest minority group is the Kurds, who make up well over 12 percent of the population. Neither Kurds nor Arabs, another minority group, enjoy special constitutional protection.

What language is Turkish most similar to? ›

The closest language to Turkish is Azerbaijani. Azerbaijani and Turkish belong to the Oghuz branch of the Turkic language family and share many similarities in terms of grammar, vocabulary, and phonetics.

What language is closest to Turkey? ›

Turkish is a Turkic language. Turkish is most closely related to other Turkic languages, including Azerbaijani, Turkmen, Uzbek, Kyrgyz and Kazakh. Another theory is that it is one of the many Altaic languages, which also include Japanese, Mongolian, and Korean.

How much of Greece is Turkish? ›

Turks. A Turkish community currently lives in Western Thrace, in the north-eastern part of Greece. According to the 1991 census, there were approximately 50,000 Turks, out of the approximately 98,000 Muslim minority of Greece Other sources estimate the size of the minority between 120,000 and 130,000.

Why is the Turkish population so high? ›

Since Turkey is an Islamic country, birth control and abortion are not popular. The traditional early marriage for women and high illiteracy rate among women have contributed to a rapid population growth. In the past 20 years, however, the national economy has been overburdened by a rapid population growth.

What is the male to female ratio in Turkey? ›

Demographics of Turkey
Demographics of the Republic of Turkey
Total0.99 male(s)/female (2021)
At birth1.05 male(s)/female (2022)
Under 151.05 male(s)/female (2022)
65 and over0.82 male(s)/female (2022)
21 more rows

How many Turkish people are in the US? ›

There are an estimated 350,000 to 500,000 Americans of Turkish descent living throughout the country, with the largest concentrations being in the New York/New Jersey area and in California.

Is Turkey Arab or Persian? ›

Iran and Turkey are not Arab countries and their primary languages are Farsi and Turkish respectively. Arab countries have a rich diversity of ethnic, linguistic, and religious communities. These include Kurds, Armenians, Berbers and others. There are over 300 million Arabs.

Are Turks and Mongols related? ›

The Turks and Germans were equally distant to all three Mongolian populations. These results confirmed the lack of strong genetic relationship between the Mongols and the Turks despite the close relationship of their languages (Altaic group) and shared historical neighborhood.

What is the genetics of the Turks? ›

The proportion of Turks from the East European-West Asian ancestry is 33.2%. Roma samples, which show significant admixture with non-Roma Europeans, appear also on the ADMIXTURE graphs. Supplementary Figure 1 shows the ADMIXTURE analysis results applying K = 3 to 10 hypothetical ancestral groups.

How many Turkish people live in the USA? ›

There are an estimated 350,000 to 500,000 Americans of Turkish descent living throughout the country, with the largest concentrations being in the New York/New Jersey area and in California.

What city has the largest Turkish population outside of Turkey? ›

Turks in Berlin (Turkish: Berlin'deki Türkler) are people of Turkish ethnicity living in Berlin where they form the largest ethnic minority group, and the largest Turkish community outside Turkey.

What are the top 3 ethnic groups in Turkey? ›

The Ethnic Groups Of Turkey
  • Turks (72.5%) The Turkish people have been in the region of Turkey and its surrounding areas since around 1071 AD, and have gradually spread throughout the country we now know as Turkey. ...
  • Zaza Kurds (4%) ...
  • Bosniaks (2.6%) ...
  • Arabs (1.1%)

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