Tuna (2024)

What are tuna?

A member of the mackerel family, tuna are mainly found in the world's warmer oceans. They can grow to a huge size (up to 700kg) and their meaty flesh is distinctively flaky and firm with a rich, strong flavour, the consequence of its comparatively high oil content. Tuna is mainly sold as steaks. It dries out quite quickly, so should be cooked very briefly over a high heat; marinated before cooking; or simmered in a sauce.

There are many different varieties of tuna but, largely as a consequence of prolonged overfishing, only a handful of these are commercially available - and most of those that are available are considered to be endangered to the point of extinction (Mediterranean and Atlantic) or in decline, particularly bluefin.

Read more about responsible fishing at Seafish and Marine Stewardship Council.

Availability of tuna

All year round, but at their best when in season, starting from May going through to early September (according to variety).

Choose the best tuna

As tuna are oily, they go off quickly, so need to be very fresh. When buying tuna steaks, look for those that have been trimmed neatly, with firm, dense red or dark red flesh and a meaty aroma.

Avoid those with strong discolouration around the bone, or which have a dull, brownish cast. Thicker-cut steaks will stay juicier during the cooking process.

Among the best types of tuna are bluefin (which is particularly highly prized and also endangered, so think carefully before you buy), yellowfin, and albacore. Bonito, which falls into a category somewhere between tuna and mackerel, but which is generally classed as a tuna, is also highly sought-after.

Tuna is also available tinned. Albacore is one of the best types sold this way. Skipjack (which, like bonito, is a somewhere between tuna and mackerel, but classed as a tuna) is the most commonly tinned variety. Tinned tuna is available packed in water, brine, vegetable oil or olive oil (with the last being the best).

While it's important to make sure that your tinned tuna is marked as 'dolphin friendly' (which means that it was caught by line rather than by net, in which dolphins and other marine life can become tangled up) or even 'bird friendly' (unless tuna fishing lines are tagged with coloured 'scare tapes', birds fail to spot them and can become trapped), it's equally as important to see whether the tuna is bluefin, yellowfin, albacore or skipjack.

To find out more about many types of endangered fish, try reading The End of the Line, by Charles Clover.

How to prepare tuna

Tuna steaks should not be washed before cooking - just pat them dry with some kitchen paper. Tinned tuna should be drained before use.

Watch our video on griddling aubergines and tuna:

How to store tuna

For fresh tuna, remove any packaging, wipe with kitchen paper, put on a plate, then cover with clingfilm and put on the bottom shelf of the fridge. Consume within a day. Tinned tuna should be stored in a cool, dark place. After opening, it should be transferred to a non-metal, airtight container and kept in the fridge for up to 24 hours.

How to cook tuna

Barbecue, grill or pan fry (up to 2 mins each side). Bake, wrapped in oiled foil (10-15 mins). Braise (10-15 mins).

Read our guide on how to cook tuna steaks.

Also browse our tuna recipes.

Alternatives to tuna

Try herring, tilapia or mackerel.

Tuna (2024)

FAQs

How much tuna is enough? ›

How Often Should You Eat Tuna? Tuna is incredibly nutritious and packed with protein, healthy fats and vitamins — but it should not be consumed every day. The FDA recommends that adults eat 3–5 ounces (85–140 grams) of fish 2–3 times a week to get enough omega-3 fatty acids and other beneficial nutrients ( 10 ).

What if I only ate tuna? ›

Even eating only light tuna, a 150-pound (68-kg) person would take in 68 mcg of mercury daily — 10 times the recommended amount. Mercury poisoning is associated with severe damage to your heart, kidneys, immune system, and nervous system ( 13 ).

Can I eat 7 cans of tuna a week? ›

4–7 cans of tuna is definitely enough to cause mercury poisoning. The daily recommended mercury intake is . 1 micrograms for each kilogram of body weight. This means that the average person should consume less than 8 micrograms of mercury each day.

Is it okay to have tuna every day? ›

Canned tuna typically contains either albacore or skipjack tuna, and cans are usually marked as either “albacore” or “chunk light.” Albacore tuna typically has higher concentrations of mercury than chunk light tuna and should be eaten only once or twice a week. Chunk light tuna is safe to eat two or three times a week.

Is 1 can of tuna enough? ›

People should limit their intake of canned tuna made from albacore to one 4-ounce (113-gram) serving per week. This is because it is higher in mercury ( 19 ).

Is it safe to eat 4 cans of tuna a day? ›

Those aged 4-7 can safely have four ounces, children 8-10 can have six ounces, and those 11 and up can have up to eight ounces. Pregnant people (or those that may become pregnant) and anyone breastfeeding can safely consume two to three servings of canned light tuna per week.

Which canned tuna is healthiest? ›

Canned tuna is healthy: all types of tuna are high in protein and feature omega-3 fatty acids, yet lower in saturated fat and calories. However, albacore does have slightly more fat and calories than light tuna such as skipjack or yellowfin—which means it has more omega-3 fatty acids.

What is the healthiest tuna to eat? ›

The FDA recommends consuming fish lower in mercury. For tuna varieties, skipjack earns the Best Choice label from the FDA, while yellowfin and albacore receive the Good Choice label. The FDA suggests avoiding bigeye tuna, which has the highest levels of mercury.

How many cans of tuna can I eat a week? ›

Canned light tuna is in the “Best Choices” category and it is fine to eat 2 to 3 servings per week. We recommend that you eat a variety of fish. You may wish to try other affordable fish in the “Best Choices” category such as canned salmon or sardines, frozen fish, or fresh fish that are at a reduced price. 3.

What fish has the most mercury? ›

Fish that contain higher levels of mercury include:
  • shark.
  • ray.
  • swordfish.
  • barramundi.
  • gemfish.
  • orange roughy.
  • ling.
  • southern bluefin tuna.

How much is too much tuna? ›

Like most foods, it's okay to eat tuna in moderation. “According to the FDA, the average adult can safely eat about six to nine ounces of tuna per week,” says Dr. O'Neill. “That typically works out to one to two cans, depending on the size.”

Is 2 cans of tuna a day ok? ›

According to the FDA, canned light tuna, made primarily from skipjack, is recognized as a fish with low mercury levels and is designated as a "best choice." A serving is typically 4 ounces for adults, per the FDA. The FDA recommends eating two to three servings a week, or about 8 to 12 ounces.

Is tuna healthy with mayonnaise? ›

Tuna is a healthy food. But when folks make tuna salad, they tend to go overboard on the mayo adding tons of extra calories and fat. One cup of mayo has a whopping 1440 calories, 160 grams fat, and 24 grams saturated fat. It'll also tack on almost 50 percent of your daily recommended amount of sodium.

Does mercury leave the body? ›

When you eat fish containing mercury, you can also take in the mercury. The metal builds up in your bloodstream over time. It slowly leaves the body through urine, stool, and breast milk. For most people, eating a small amount of fish high in mercury isn't a health concern.

Why do I crave tuna? ›

Tuna, being rich in various nutrients, may be particularly appealing to those with underlying deficiencies. For example, cravings for salty foods like tuna may indicate a deficiency in sodium or electrolytes. Our bodies need these minerals to maintain proper fluid balance and nerve function.

How much canned tuna is safe per day? ›

Canned white, or albacore (0.32 parts per million of mercury). Children under six can eat up to one 3-ounce portion a month; children from 6-12, two 4.5-ounce portions a month. Adults, including pregnant women, can safely eat this kind of tuna up to three times a month (women, 6-ounce portions; men, 8-ounce portions).

Is 2 cans of tuna a day safe? ›

According to the FDA, canned light tuna, made primarily from skipjack, is recognized as a fish with low mercury levels and is designated as a "best choice." A serving is typically 4 ounces for adults, per the FDA. The FDA recommends eating two to three servings a week, or about 8 to 12 ounces.

Is 12 oz of tuna too much? ›

Other adults should aim for 8 to 12 ounces per week of fish relatively low in mercury. That could include up to three servings of light or skipjack tuna, or a combination of those tunas and other low-mercury fish listed above.

Is 2 cans of tuna a day good? ›

You should be able to eat small amounts of canned tuna every day without issue, but Medical News Today recommends waiting three to seven days between eating tuna based on your body weight.

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