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How to make your best filling.
You eagerly cut into your gorgeous fruit pie and… No! Its filling is awash in a sea of juice. Did you misjudge how much thickener to use? Ensure that your apple, blueberry, cherry, and other fruit pie fillings are perfectly thickened by following this handy guide.
Our five favorites
All-purpose flour is an easy solution, as you’re sure to have it in your pantry. Since it’s lower in starch, you'll use more of it than you would higher-starch thickeners.
Quick-cooking tapioca makes filling bright and clear, but also gives it a stippled and somewhat sticky texture. Filling mixed with tapioca needs to rest 15 to 30 minutes before baking, for the tapioca to soften.
Instant ClearJel keeps fillings thick through a great range of temperatures, making it ideal for pies that are frozen, before or after baking.
Pie Filling Enhancer thickens fruit pie fillings the same way Instant ClearJel does. Its advantage is added ascorbic acid (which adds a bright, tart note), and superfine sugar, which prevents it from clumping. Pie Filling Enhancer is about half sugar, so you'll want to reduce the sugar in your recipe accordingly.
Cornstarch has thickening power similar to Instant ClearJel. Like flour, it lends a cloudy, semi-transparent look to filling. It can also give filling a starchy taste. For full effectiveness, make sure the pie filling is bubbling up through the crust before removing your pie from the oven.
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Apples
Need the least amount of thickener, since they're less juicy. They're also high in natural pectin; pectin helps filling thicken.
Thickener | For 1 cup of fruit | For one 9" pie (8 cups of fruit) |
---|---|---|
All-purpose flour | 1 3/4 tsp | 1/4 cup + 2 tsp |
Instant ClearJel | 1/2 tsp | 1 tbsp + 1 tsp |
Cornstarch | 1/2 tsp | 1 tbsp + 1 tsp |
Quick-cooking tapioca | 3/4 tsp | 2 tbsp |
Pie Filling Enhancer | 1 1/2 tsp Reduce sugar by 3/4 tsp | 1/4 cup Reduce sugar by 2 tbsp |
Blackberries & Raspberries
Are very juicy, and release even more liquid if they've been frozen; they need more thickener than apples.
Thickener | For 1 cup of fruit | For one 9" pie (8 cups of fruit) |
---|---|---|
All-purpose flour | 1 tbsp + 1 tsp | 1/2 cup + 2 tbsp + 1 tsp |
Instant ClearJel | 2 3/4 tsp | 1/4 cup + 3 tbsp + 1 tsp |
Cornstarch | 1 tbsp | 1/2 cup |
Quick-cooking tapioca | 1 tbsp | 1/2 cup |
Pie Filling Enhancer | 1 tbsp + 2 tsp Reduce sugar by 2 1/2 tsp | 3/4 cup + 2 tsp Reduce sugar by 6 tbsp + 1 tsp |
Blueberries
These have a lot of pectin; they'll need a little less thickener than other berries.
Thickener | For 1 cup of fruit | For one 9" pie (8 cups of fruit) |
---|---|---|
All-purpose flour | 1 tbsp | 1/2 cup |
Instant ClearJel | 2 tsp | 1/3 cup |
Cornstarch | 2 1/2 tsp | 6 tbsp + 2 tsp |
Quick-cooking tapioca | 1 1/2 tsp | 1/4 cup |
Pie Filling Enhancer | 1 tbsp + 1 tsp Reduce sugar by 2 tsp | 1/3 cup Reduce sugar by 2 tbsp + 2 tsp |
Cherries
Fresh cherries will need slightly less thickener than canned or frozen.
Thickener | For 1 cup of fruit | For one 9" pie (8 cups of fruit) |
---|---|---|
All-purpose flour | 1 tbsp | 1/2 cup |
Instant ClearJel | 2 1/2 tsp | 6 tbsp + 2 tsp |
Cornstarch | 2 1/2 tsp | 6 tbsp + 2 tsp |
Quick-cooking tapioca | 1 1/4 tsp | 3 tbsp + 1 tsp |
Pie Filling Enhancer | 1 tbsp + 1/2 tsp Reduce sugar by 2 tsp | 1/2 cup + 1 tbsp + 1 tsp Reduce sugar by 1/4 cup + 2 tsp |
Peaches
Don't have quite as much pectin as apples; they're also juicier, so will require more thickener.
Thickener | For 1 cup of fruit | For one 9" pie (8 cups of fruit) |
---|---|---|
All-purpose flour | 2 1/2 tsp | 6 tbsp + 2 tsp |
Instant ClearJel | 2 1/2 tsp | 6 tbsp + 2 tsp |
Cornstarch | 2 1/2 tsp | 6 tbsp + 2 tsp |
Quick-cooking tapioca | 1 1/2 tsp | 1/4 cup |
Pie Filling Enhancer | 1 tbsp + 2 tsp Reduce sugar by 2 1/2 tsp | 3/4 cup + 1 tbsp + 1 tsp Reduce sugar by 6 tbsp + 2 tsp |
Strawberry/rhubarb
The juiciest fruit with the least amount of pectin; these will require the most thickener.
Thickener | For 1 cup of fruit | For one 9" pie (8 cups of fruit) |
---|---|---|
All-purpose flour | 1 tbsp + 1 1/2 tsp | 3/4 cup |
Instant ClearJel | 2 1/2 tsp | 6 tbsp + 2 tsp |
Cornstarch | 1 tbsp + 1/4 tsp | 1/2 cup + 2 tsp |
Quick-cooking tapioca | 2 1/2 tsp | 6 tbsp + 2 tsp |
Pie Filling Enhancer | 2 tbsp Reduce sugar by 1 tbsp | 1 cup Reduce sugar by 1/2 cup |
Disclaimer: The information on this chart may differ from other recipes. If you’re following a King Arthur recipe, follow the quantity listed on the recipe for the best results.
Through thin and thick
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- Remember that fresh farmers market fruit, especially berries, is often juicier than fruit you buy at the supermarket. Adjust your thickener accordingly.
- Because steam from the filling is able to evaporate more quickly in streusel- or lattice-topped pies, as well as in those topped with pastry cutouts, these require a bit less thickener than pies made with a solid top crust.
- To prevent your filling from clumping, mix thickener with the sugar in your recipe before adding to the fruit.
- A just-baked fruit pie’s filling will be very hot out of the oven, and quite messy to serve. The filling will set as it cools; be sure to let your pie cool completely before cutting and serving.
Recipes
Favorite Recipes
Tips
Perfect your pie filling
Tools
What's in our pantry?
As a seasoned baking enthusiast with extensive hands-on experience, I've explored various aspects of creating the perfect pie filling, and I'm eager to share my expertise on the subject. When it comes to achieving the ideal consistency for fruit pie fillings, selecting the right thickener is crucial. The nuances of each thickening agent and their interaction with different fruits have been an integral part of my culinary journey.
Now, let's delve into the concepts mentioned in the article and break down the information:
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Thickening Agents:
-
All-purpose Flour:
- Quick and readily available, but lower in starch.
- Requires more quantity compared to higher-starch thickeners.
-
Quick-cooking Tapioca:
- Provides a bright and clear filling but may result in a somewhat sticky texture.
- Requires a resting period before baking for tapioca to soften.
-
Instant ClearJel:
- Maintains thickness over a wide range of temperatures, suitable for frozen pies.
-
Pie Filling Enhancer:
- Similar to Instant ClearJel in thickening properties.
- Contains added ascorbic acid for a tart note and superfine sugar to prevent clumping.
- Requires a sugar adjustment in the recipe.
-
Cornstarch:
- Similar thickening power to Instant ClearJel.
- Provides a cloudy, semi-transparent look to the filling.
- May impart a starchy taste.
- Requires bubbling up through the crust for full effectiveness.
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Thickening Guidelines for Specific Fruits:
-
Apples:
- Need the least amount of thickener due to lower juiciness.
- High in natural pectin, aiding in thickening.
-
Blackberries & Raspberries:
- Very juicy, requiring more thickener.
- Frozen berries release even more liquid.
-
Blueberries:
- Contain a lot of pectin, requiring less thickener than other berries.
-
Cherries:
- Fresh cherries need slightly less thickener than canned or frozen.
-
Peaches:
- Have less pectin than apples and are juicier, necessitating more thickener.
-
Strawberry/Rhubarb:
- Juiciest with the least amount of pectin, requiring the most thickener.
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Thickening Measurements:
- Detailed measurements for each thickener based on the amount of fruit and the size of the pie.
-
Tips:
- Consider the juiciness of farmers market fruit, adjusting the thickener accordingly.
- Streusel- or lattice-topped pies require less thickener due to faster steam evaporation.
- Mix thickener with sugar to prevent clumping.
- Allow the pie to cool completely for the filling to set.
-
Disclaimer:
- Acknowledges potential variations from other recipes and emphasizes following the specified quantities for optimal results in King Arthur recipes.
By following these guidelines and understanding the properties of different thickeners, you can ensure that your fruit pie fillings are perfectly thickened and delightful. Happy baking!