How Long to Cook Every Size Turkey—Whether Roasting, Smoking, or Deep Frying (2024)

When you've got potatoes to mash and green beans to cook, the last thing you want to stress about is when the Thanksgiving turkey will be ready. After all, whether you're cooking an entire bird or just a breast, you need to plan ahead to ensure it's done in time. You'll need to know how to estimate turkey cooking times based on size, cooking method, and whether or not you're stuffing it.

How Long to Cook a Whole Turkey

According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), whole turkeys should be roasted at a minimum temperature of 325 degrees Fahrenheit. But when it comes to cooking time, there are variables. In general, unstuffed turkey takes about 12 to 13 minutes per pound to cook, says Shawn Matijevich, lead chef of online culinary arts and food operations at the Institute of Culinary Education. This means an 8-pound turkey can take about two hours, while a 24-pound turkey can take five hours or more. However, there are other factors that can affect cooking time, so you shouldn't go by the turkey's weight alone. According to Matijevich, this includes your oven, the bird's meat-to-bone ratio, and the starting temperature of the turkey when it first enters the oven.

If you are cooking a previously frozen turkey, it's important to thaw it safely and thoroughly first. This will ensure your bird cooks evenly and within its estimated time range. In the refrigerator, turkey can take 24 hours for every 4 to 5 pounds to thaw, according to the USDA. Leave the bird in the wrapping it came in and put it in a tray to catch any drippings or juices. Alternatively, when submerged in cold water, frozen turkey can take 30 minutes per pound to thaw, but you'll need to change the water every 30 minutes or so.

Regardless of how long the USDA or your recipe suggests for cooking, the best way to know your bird is done is to use a meat thermometer. The turkey is safe to eat when it reaches an internal temperature of 165 degrees in the thickest area of the breast and the innermost part of the thigh. "If you don't want to be surprised by a dry or raw inside when you carve the turkey, [use] a thermometer," says Matijevich.

How Long to Cook Turkey Breast

If you're cooking for a smaller crowd, turkey breast is an excellent option. A 2- to 3-pound half-breast takes just 50 to 60 minutes to roast, while a 4- to 5-pound whole breast can take about two hours. For larger 8-pound breasts, you'll need two to three hours or longer, depending on whether or not it is stuffed.

How Long to Cook a Turkey by Pound

This chart will give you an idea of how long different sizes of turkey take to roast at 325 degrees Fahrenheit, but rely on your recipe and your meat thermometer to guide you.

TypeSizeUnstuffed TimeStuffed Time
Turkey breast, half2-3 pounds50-60 minutes--
Turkey breast, whole4-5 pounds1.5-2.25 hours--
Turkey breast, whole6-8 pounds2.25-3.25 hours--
Whole turkey8-12 pounds2.25-3 hours3-3.5 hours
Whole turkey12-14 pounds3-3.25 hours3.5-4 hours
Whole turkey14-18 pounds3.75-4.25 hours4-4.25 hours
Whole turkey18-20 pounds4.25-4.5 hours4.25-4.75 hours
Whole turkey20-24 pounds4.25-5 hours4.75-5.25 hours

Source: USDA

15 Thanksgiving Turkey Recipes for Every Preparation, Including Roasted, Stuffed, Roulade, and Smoked

How Long to Smoke and Deep Fry a Turkey

If you'd like to smoke a turkey, the bird will take about 15 minutes per pound to cook, says Matijevich. There are several factors that can affect this time frame, including the outdoor temperature, size of your smoker, and meat-to-bone ratio of your bird, he adds.

As for deep frying a turkey? An unstuffed turkey takes about three to four minutes per pound when using this method, according to Matijevich. "The biggest factor here is [whether or not] the bird is properly thawed," he says.

8 Ways to Cook a Turkey, From the Traditional Roast to a Modern Roulade

How Long to Cook a Turkey With Stuffing

Generally, it's not recommended to stuff a turkey before cooking it. Compared to turkey, stuffing needs more time to reach the safe minimum internal temperature of 165 degrees, which is essential for killing harmful germs. This can lead to a perfect turkey and undercooked stuffing, presenting a potential food safety risk. For this reason, we agree with the USDA and recommend cooking your stuffing outside of the bird in its own casserole dish.

If you still want to stuff your turkey, there are a few things to consider. A stuffed turkey takes longer to cook, so you'll need to extend your cooking time. It's also imperative to use a thermometer and check that the center of the stuffing is 165 degrees to ensure it's safe to eat. According to the USDA, this can be more difficult to do with larger birds, which is worth keeping in mind.

4 Common Thanksgiving Turkey Mistakes Home Cooks Make—Plus, How to Avoid Them

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How Long to Cook Every Size Turkey—Whether Roasting, Smoking, or Deep Frying (2024)

FAQs

How Long to Cook Every Size Turkey—Whether Roasting, Smoking, or Deep Frying? ›

Cook the turkey about 3 to 4 minutes per pound. The turkey is done when the dark meat is at an internal temperature of 175° F to 180° F and all white meat is at an internal temperature of 165° F to 170° F. When the turkey is done, slowly lift it from the pot and place it in a pan or on paper towels to drain.

How many minutes to deep fry a turkey? ›

Cook the turkey about 3 to 4 minutes per pound. The turkey is done when the dark meat is at an internal temperature of 175° F to 180° F and all white meat is at an internal temperature of 165° F to 170° F. When the turkey is done, slowly lift it from the pot and place it in a pan or on paper towels to drain.

Which is quicker to bake or deep fry a turkey? ›

Once in the deep-fryer, a turkey needs only four minutes per pound, which means you can cook a 15-pound turkey in about an hour, and smaller turkeys even quicker. A turkey in the oven or air-fryer, on the other hand, will take 30 minutes per pound, if not longer.

Do you deep fry a turkey at 325 or 350? ›

Heat oil in pot (allow enough room in pot for turkey to be placed, too much oil will cause overflow), bring oil to at least 375 degrees F. Placement of turkey will bring temperature down and you will want to keep temperature at 325 degrees F. while cooking. Cook turkey until golden brown, about 4 minutes per pound.

Which is better, smoked or roasted turkey? ›

Smoking a turkey, as opposed to roasting, will not only free up your indoor oven for more important things (e.g. pie), but will also add a unique flavor that your guests may have never had before.

How long to deep fry turkey after smoking? ›

Remove from the smoker. Drop the "smoked" turkey into the 350 degree oil. Fry until you reach 160 in the deepest part of the breast. The fry will take approximately 1 - 1/2 mins per lb at 350.

How long do you smoke a turkey? ›

At 225 degrees F, you can plan on it taking approximately 30 minutes per pound to smoke your turkey. Alternatively, if you are running your smoker at 250 degrees F, it will typically take 25 minutes per pound. For example, my 15-pound turkey took around 7 and 1/2 hours at 225 degrees F to fully cook.

Is it better to fry or smoke a turkey? ›

Smoking a turkey can result in great flavor, but it usually has limp skin. Frying a turkey can have the most amazing crispy skin, but not much going on in the flavor department.

Should I fry or roast turkey? ›

Deep-fried turkey is a delicious, celebratory way to cook your Thanksgiving meal. Other pluses: Fried turkeys cook twice as fast as traditional roasted turkeys and also free up the oven for essential side dishes. And with frying, you get to sit outside and enjoy the brisk autumn air while the turkey cooks.

Is deep frying a turkey worth it? ›

Deep-frying a turkey is a vastly superior option for countless reasons. The most important: Like everyone who's ever tried it will tell you, it tastes better than roast turkey. The white meat is moister, the dark meat is even more flavorful, and the skin, while not always totally crispy, is never slimy and gross.

What is the best oil to fry a turkey in? ›

There are several types of oil that you can use to deep fry a turkey, but we recommend using peanut oil. Many chefs agree that peanut oil produces some of the best results when deep frying.

How many gallons of peanut oil to fry a turkey per? ›

How much peanut oil do I need to fry a turkey? The amount of oil varies depending on the size of the bird. However, a good rule of thumb is that for every pound of meat, you'll need about a third of a gallon of oil. This means that you'll need 3-4 gallons of oil for a 12-14 pound turkey.

Do you season turkey before deep frying? ›

After measuring the amount of oil needed for the deep-fryer, dry the turkey well, inside and out, before proceeding. Mix the smoked paprika, salt, garlic powder, black pepper, onion powder, cayenne pepper, and thyme together in a bowl. Sprinkle the spice rub inside the cavity of the turkey and on the skin.

Can you overcook a turkey in a smoker? ›

One of the benefits of smoking a turkey is that it's almost impossible to overcook anything in a smoker. The temperature remains low and the cooking is slow, resulting in perfectly moist and tender meat with a rich, complex flavor.

Does smoking a turkey keep it moist? ›

Once you smoke a turkey, you'll never want it oven-baked again. The first turkey I smoked was in my Pit Barrel Cooker, Thanksgiving 2015. It turned out excellent and I loved the flavor…mostly because I am not a traditional turkey lover (see above) and this turkey was moist, flavorful...and smoked.

Are Butterball smoked turkeys really smoked? ›

Butterball Smoked Whole Turkeys are fully cooked and ready to eat. They can be used in recipes calling for cooked turkey without prior heating. The pink color of the meat comes from smoking and curing and is not a sign of undercooked meat.

How much oil to deep fry a 17 lb turkey? ›

You'll need enough oil to cover your entire turkey, but not so much that it spills over. A general guideline is to use 3 gallons of oil for a 30 qt. pot and 3 1/3 gallons of oil for a 32 qt. pot.

How long before deep frying a turkey should you inject it? ›

I recommend injecting the turkey the night before you plan to fry, but it can be done as soon as one hour in advance. I've found that the flavor is more intense if you allow it to set overnight in the fridge.

How long to heat oil to 350? ›

Set your burner on medium and let your pan of oil heat for around 5 to 10 minutes. Put the meat thermometer in the center of the oil to check the temperature. The oil should be between 350 degrees Fahrenheit (177 Celsius) and 400 F (205 C), depending on what you're cooking.

Is peanut oil best for deep frying? ›

Peanut Oil: Best Oil for Deep-Frying

Peanut oil is similar to vegetable oil in that it is great for a lot of different uses and has a high smoke point of about 450 degrees. Peanut oil is a particularly popular choice for deep-frying.

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